July 28 is observed annually as World Hepatitis Day, a global campaign spearheaded by the World Health Organization to raise awareness about viral hepatitis and liver health. The theme for 2025, “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down,” calls for the removal of financial, social, and systemic barriers that prevent people from accessing diagnosis, care, and treatment.
Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B and C, continues to be a major global health threat. These infections cause liver inflammation and can lead to chronic disease, liver cancer, and death if left untreated. Despite being largely preventable and curable—especially in the case of hepatitis C—millions of people remain unaware of their status due to the often silent progression of the disease. Globally, hepatitis B and C are responsible for around 1.3 million deaths each year and affect approximately 300 million people with chronic infection.
Men face unique risks when it comes to hepatitis. Research shows that men are more likely than women to become chronic carriers of hepatitis B and often fall into high-risk categories. These include men who have sex with men, individuals with a history of intravenous drug use, and those born in regions with high hepatitis prevalence. In response to the growing burden of the disease, the CDC now recommends that all adults aged 18 and older be tested for hepatitis B at least once in their lifetime, regardless of perceived risk.
Symptoms of hepatitis B and C are often absent in the early stages, but when present, may include fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, and joint discomfort. Because of this asymptomatic nature, early detection through routine blood tests is vital. These tests can detect hepatitis B surface antigens and associated antibodies to confirm whether someone has been infected recently or is a chronic carrier.
Men are encouraged to take specific actions to protect their health. Vaccination against hepatitis B remains the most effective prevention method and is highly recommended for those at increased risk, including healthcare workers and travelers to endemic regions. Practicing safe sex, avoiding needle sharing, and ensuring clean equipment during tattoos or piercings can also reduce transmission risk. Men should also avoid sharing personal items like razors or toothbrushes, which can carry traces of infected blood.
Routine screenings, even in the absence of symptoms, are essential for early diagnosis and access to timely treatment. Antiviral therapies can manage hepatitis B and cure hepatitis C, significantly reducing the risk of liver damage, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Regular medical checkups and liver function monitoring are key components of long-term disease management.
World Hepatitis Day provides a critical opportunity to improve public understanding of the disease, reduce stigma, and encourage people—especially men—to take action. Across the country, healthcare providers, community groups, and public health agencies are offering free screenings, educational workshops, and vaccine drives to mark the occasion.
With safe and effective vaccines, curative treatments, and expanding access to care, the tools to eliminate hepatitis as a public health threat are within reach. But progress depends on awareness, testing, and a commitment from individuals and healthcare systems alike. For men, taking that first step—getting screened—can be life-saving.
